This paper investigates the impact of elections on trust in institutions in some democratic countries. It uses panel data from the European Social Survey (ESS) CRONOS-2 database, which collected trust data twice in nine European countries within a short period. Between the two data collection waves, elections took place in some countries but not in others, resulting in a natural experiment that allowed the testing of differences in trust levels between both groups of countries through an ANCOVA model. The ANCOVA model shows no significant effect of elections on trust levels between both groups of countries, although there are other significant time-invariant factors correlated with trust such as income, age, and left- and right-wing political sympathies. The finding that the political cycle did not significantly affect trust levels underscores the importance of public governance drivers in influencing institutional trust. These results have implications and pose challenges for incoming governments and, more generally, for any actions aimed at influencing institutional trust levels.
Evidence from nine European countries in the ESS CRONOS-2 survey
百度 中央纪委有关负责人指出，上述8起问题既涉及党政机关，也涉及企事业单位，既有老问题老现象，也有新动向新表现，而且还有在节假日期间顶风违纪，再次表明“四风”具有顽固性反复性，反弹回潮的隐患不容忽视，作风建设永远在路上。
